Brazil and the Northeast has an exceptional fauna and flora in its environment, with the greatest biodiversity on the planet. It also has the largest freshwater reserves and a third of the world’s remaining tropical forests: Amazon, Cerrado, Caatinga, Atlantic Forest, Pantanal, Coastal and Pampas.
Brazil has the largest fauna and flora on the planet.
The country is home to approximately 524 species of mammals, 517 of amphibians, 1,677 of birds and 468 of reptiles.
What’s more, many of these life forms are endemic, i.e. they only exist in Brazilian territory: 131 species of mammals, 294 of amphibians, 191 of birds and 468 of reptiles are exclusive to Brazil.
Among the largest fauna and flora, the Amazon, the world’s largest tropical rainforest, is the national and global highlight, possessing the greatest variety of life on Earth.
Covering 5.5 million square kilometers, the Amazon Rainforest is home to a third of all living species on the planet.
It is estimated that there are more than 5 million plant species there, of which only 30,000 have been identified.
Even so, one out of every five plant species in the world is found in its territory. In just one of its hectares there can be up to 300 different types of trees.
As for the variety of animals, in the Alto do Juruá in Acre alone, the region of the forest richest in biodiversity, there are 616 known species of bird, 50 of reptile, 300 of spider, 140 of frog, 16 of monkey and 1,620 of butterfly.
Fauna and Flora of Brazil
Map of South America and the Caribbean from 1596 – Itinerario… “Delineatio Omnium Orarum Totius Australis Partis Americae, Dictae Peruvianae, a R. de la Plata, Brasiliam, Pariam, & Castellam Auream…”, Linschoten/Langren This is one of the most striking and decorative maps of South America and is an important early record […]
Map of the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean from 1675 “Indiarum Occidentalium Tractus Littorales cum Insulis Caribicis / Pascaert van Westindien ende Caribise Eylanden”, Wit, Frederick de This is the scarce first edition of one of the most beautifully engraved maps of the West Indies. It extends to show […]
Map of the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean from 1666 – De Zee-Atlas, ofte Water-Weereld Scarce Sea Chart with Interesting Depiction of the Coastline of the US, “Pascaerte van Westindien de Vaste Kusten en de Eylanden”, Goos, Pieter Goos’ scarce map of the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean was based on Hessel […]
Map of the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean from 1650-80 – Atlas Minor sive Geographia “Insulae Americanae in Oceano Septentrionali ac Regiones Adiacentes, a C. de May Usque ad Lineam Aequinoctialem”, Visscher, Nicolas This handsome map focuses on the West Indies and covers the region from the Chesapeake through the […]
Map of Colonial Southeast United States, Bahamas & Greater Antilles from 1706 “De Vaste Kust van Chicora Tussen Florida en Virginie, door Lucas Vasquez d’Ayllon en Andere, van Hispaniola Besterend”, Aa, Pieter van der Scarce map of an unusually-shaped Florida, with the Carolinas north to Cape Hatteras and the western Caribbean. […]
Map of the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean from 1594 – Grands Voyages, Part IV De Bry’s Superb Map of the Southeastern US, Caribbean & Northern South America “Occidentalis Americae Partis, vel, Earum Regionum quas Christophorus Columbus Primu Detexit Tabula Chorographicae Multorum Auctorum Scriptis…”, Bry, Theodore de This copper […]
Maps of Southern South America from 1656 – Cartes Generales de Toutes les Parties du Monde… “Le Paraguayr, le Chili. La Terre, et les Isles Magellanicques. Tirees de Diverses Relations”, Sanson/Mariette Superb map of the southern part of the continent by the influential French cartographer. Particular emphasis is given to the […]
Painting of the Forte dos Três Reis Magos in Natal from 1647 – Brazil – Rerum per Octennium in Brasilia “Fluvius Grandis”, Barlaeus, Caspar This finely engraved view depicts Fort Ceulen (also known as Fort of the Tres Reis Magos) along the Potengi River in today’s Natal. In the foreground, […]
Map of Western Hemisphere from 1607 – America Mercator’s Foundation Map for the Americas “America sive India Nova, ad Magnae Gerardi Mercatoris aui Universalis Imitationem in Compendium Redacta”, Mercator, Michael This is one of the most famous maps of the Americas and an important foundation map for an American map collection. […]
Map of the Western Hemisphere from 1579 – America – Theatrum Orbis Terrarum Ortelius’ Influential Map of the New World – Second Plate in Contemporary Color “Americae sive Novi Orbis, Nova Descriptio”, Ortelius, Abraham This is one of the most famous maps of America, and one that had enormous influence on […]
Map of southern South America from 1668 – Cartes Generales de Toutes les Parties du Monde… “La Terre et les Isles Magellaniques Tirees des Relations les Plus Recentes”, Sanson/Mariette An uncommon map of Patagonia, southern Chile, and Tierra del Fuego. Buenos Aires and the mouth of the La Plata are in […]
Map of Rio de Janeiro from 1794 “Plan of the Bay and Harbour of Rio-Janeiro on the Coast of Brazil”, Laurie & Whittle This scarce plan of Rio de Janeiro is based on the work of D’Apres de Mannevillette with improvements by Sampson Hall, Chief Mate of the Royal Bishop, […]
Map of Brazil from 1698 – Istoria delle Guerre del Regno del Brasile “Itamaraca, Brazil”, Horatius, Andreas Antonius This marvelous map of the Brazilian province of Itamaraca, with part of Paraiba, was one of 23 maps from this rare account of the Dutch-Portuguese colonial war. Written by Joao José de […]
Map of Rio de Janeiro from 1682 “Pas-kaart, Van de Zee-Kusten van, Brazilia, Tusschen, C.S. Thome en I.S. Catharina…”, Keulen, Johannes van Rare sea chart of the Brazilian coast from Illia S. Catharina to Cabo S. Thome, along with an inset of Rio Ianeiro (Rio de Janeiro and Guanabara Bay). […]
Map of Rio de Janeiro from 1810 “Esquisse de la Ville et du Port de Rio De Janeiro”, Tardieu, Pierre Francois This rare bird’s-eye plan of Rio de Janeiro depicts forts, batteries, and landing areas for ships. Soundings, anchorages, shoals, and navigational hazards are depicted. A note at bottom right indicates […]
Map of Rio de Janeiro from 1764 “Plan de la Baye de Rio-Janeiro”, Bellin, Jacques Nicolas This handsome map depicts Guanabara Bay with a bird’s-eye plan of Rio de Janeiro. The decorative title cartouche contains a lettered key identifying 12 locations throughout the bay, including 6 forts. Guanabara Bay was […]
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